例句:To say that the child learns by imitation and that the way to teach is to set a good example oversimplifies.(認(rèn)為孩子學(xué)習(xí)是考模仿,教育的方式就是樹立榜樣,這些說法都過于簡(jiǎn)單了。)
解析:句子主干為To say ... oversimplifies. 這個(gè)句子的難點(diǎn)就在于充當(dāng)主語的是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式:To say that the child learns by imitation and that the way to teach is to set a good example;且在這個(gè)不定式中出現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)并列的賓語從句做say的賓語,加大了理解難度。the child learns by imitation是第一個(gè)賓語從句,the way to teach is to set a good example是第二個(gè)賓語從句。
二、非謂語動(dòng)詞做定語
作用:代替起修飾限定作用的定語從句,使句子更簡(jiǎn)潔。
例句:The women picking the blackberry is her mother.(那個(gè)摘黑莓的女人就是她媽媽。)
解析:句子的主干是the women is her mother,非謂語動(dòng)詞picking the blackberry作為定語修飾the women,其實(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句,可以改寫成 the women who is picking the blackberry.
三、非謂語動(dòng)詞做狀語
作用:將兩個(gè)具有共同主語的句子合為一個(gè),使句子更簡(jiǎn)潔。
例句:Faced with difficulties, we must try to overcome them.(面對(duì)困難,我們必須克服他們。)
解析:主干是we must try to overcome them,非謂語動(dòng)詞faced with difficulties作為狀語,修飾主句。這句話可以改寫為兩個(gè)短句:(1)We are faced with difficulties. (2)We must try to overcome them. 注意,在合并的過程中,非謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)要根據(jù)情況作出相應(yīng)變化。