例1 Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks
to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned,orderly,systematic,
and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural
phenomena。(2003考研翻譯真題)
拆分句子:
1)句子的主干是:Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry;
2)定語從句:which后面是一個定語從句,其先行詞是social science;
3)方式狀語:in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner是方式狀語。其中的reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned是并列定語,修飾manner;
4)定語從句:that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena是定語從句,其先行詞是manner;
5)拆分后句子的總結構是:
Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry(主干) which seeks to study humans and their endeavors(定語從句) in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner(方式狀語) that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena。(定語從句)
Interest in historical methods had arisen less through external challenge to the
validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels
among historians themselves (參考譯文:人們對歷史研究方法產(chǎn)生了興趣,這與其說是因為外部對歷史作為一門學問的有效性提出了挑戰(zhàn),還不如說是因為歷史學家內(nèi)部發(fā)生了爭吵。)
英文原句是個典型的長句,由27個詞組成,中間沒有使用任何標點符號,完全靠語法結構使整個句子的意思化零為整: less through…and more from構成一個復雜的狀語,修飾動詞arisen。在中文翻譯中,“產(chǎn)生興趣”這一重要內(nèi)容通過一個獨立的句子表達,兩個不同的原因則分別由不同的句子表達,整個句子被化整為零“…產(chǎn)生興趣…,這與其說是因為…,還不如說是因為…”